{"meridian":{"code":"GV","name":"督脉","shortName":"督脉","pinyin":"Dū Mài","yinYang":"阳","limb":"","element":"","organ":"督脉主一身之阳","timeSlot":"","pathway":"起于小腹内胞中，下出会阴，向后行于尾骨端（长强），沿脊柱后正中线上行（命门、至阳、大椎），至项后风府入脑，上行巅顶（百会），沿前额下行经印堂至鼻柱（水沟），止于上唇系带处（龈交）。","indications":"头脑、脊柱、腰背病证如头痛、腰脊强痛，神志病如癫痫、昏迷，热病，以及相应脏腑病证，兼有升阳强壮作用。","funFact":"督脉为“阳脉之海”，总督一身阳经，沿脊梁骨一路向上；百会通天，命门藏火，大椎退热，督脉是身体的“阳气高速公路”。","color":"#b8302e","sortOrder":14,"totalPoints":29,"pointCount":10},"acupoints":[{"code":"GV1","name":"长强","pinyin":"Chángqiáng","meridianCode":"GV","meridianName":"督脉","meridianShortName":"督脉","color":"#b8302e","view":"back","part":"torso","x":200.0,"y":512.0,"bilateral":false,"category":"络穴、督脉与足少阴、足少阳经交会穴","location":"在会阴区，尾骨下方，尾骨端与肛门连线的中点处，俯卧或胸膝位取穴。","method":"俯卧或跪伏（胸膝位），摸到尾骨尖端，尾骨尖与肛门之间的中点即是。","indications":["泄泻、便血、便秘","痔疾、脱肛","癫狂痫","腰脊、尾骶部疼痛"],"mnemonic":"长强是督脉的起点，脊柱“又长又强”；尾巴骨下面，痔疮、脱肛第一穴，也是癫痫的经验穴。","note":"针刺时针尖紧靠尾骨前面斜刺，不得刺穿直肠","sortOrder":123},{"code":"GV3","name":"腰阳关","pinyin":"Yāoyángguān","meridianCode":"GV","meridianName":"督脉","meridianShortName":"督脉","color":"#b8302e","view":"back","part":"torso","x":200.0,"y":426.0,"bilateral":false,"category":"","location":"在脊柱区，第4腰椎棘突下凹陷中，后正中线上，约平两侧髂嵴最高点。","method":"两侧髂嵴最高点连线与脊柱后正中线的交点，即第4腰椎棘突下方凹陷处即是。","indications":["腰骶疼痛、下肢痿痹","月经不调、带下","遗精、阳痿"],"mnemonic":"腰阳关是“腰部阳气的关口”，髂骨最高点连线正中；腰冷腰痛、下肢发凉，艾灸腰阳关暖腰。","note":"","sortOrder":124},{"code":"GV4","name":"命门","pinyin":"Mìngmén","meridianCode":"GV","meridianName":"督脉","meridianShortName":"督脉","color":"#b8302e","view":"back","part":"torso","x":200.0,"y":390.0,"bilateral":false,"category":"","location":"在脊柱区，第2腰椎棘突下凹陷中，后正中线上，两侧肾俞之间。","method":"站直，肚脐正后方对应的脊柱棘突（第2腰椎）下方的凹陷处即是，两侧为肾俞。","indications":["腰脊强痛、下肢痿痹","遗精、阳痿、早泄","月经不调、带下","泄泻","小腹冷痛"],"mnemonic":"命门是“生命之门”，藏元阳真火，肚脐正对后方；两肾之间藏命门，艾灸命门补肾阳，全身暖烘烘。","note":"","sortOrder":125},{"code":"GV9","name":"至阳","pinyin":"Zhìyáng","meridianCode":"GV","meridianName":"督脉","meridianShortName":"督脉","color":"#b8302e","view":"back","part":"torso","x":200.0,"y":288.0,"bilateral":false,"category":"","location":"在脊柱区，第7胸椎棘突下凹陷中，后正中线上，约平两肩胛骨下角。","method":"两肩胛骨下角连线与脊柱后正中线的交点，即第7胸椎棘突下方凹陷处即是。","indications":["胸胁胀痛、黄疸","咳嗽、气喘","腰背疼痛、脊强"],"mnemonic":"至阳“阳气至盛”，肩胛骨下角连线正中；黄疸第一穴，两旁是膈俞，胸背痛、心绞痛按至阳。","note":"","sortOrder":126},{"code":"GV14","name":"大椎","pinyin":"Dàzhuī","meridianCode":"GV","meridianName":"督脉","meridianShortName":"督脉","color":"#b8302e","view":"back","part":"torso","x":200.0,"y":194.0,"bilateral":false,"category":"督脉与手足三阳经交会穴","location":"在脊柱区，第7颈椎棘突下凹陷中，后正中线上，低头时颈后最高骨突之下。","method":"低头，颈后最高突起的骨头（第7颈椎）下方凹陷处即是，转头时此骨不动。","indications":["热病、疟疾","咳嗽、气喘、骨蒸盗汗","头痛、项强","癫痫、小儿惊风","风疹、痤疮"],"mnemonic":"大椎是“诸阳之会”，低头时脖子后面最高的骨头下面；发烧刮痧刮大椎、拔罐退烧，痤疮点刺放血都在这。","note":"","sortOrder":127,"common":{"rank":18,"usage":"感冒发热、颈椎病、提升阳气，刮痧常从这里开始。","scenes":["感冒咳嗽","颈肩腰腿"],"evidence":"退热、颈椎病常用，有临床研究支持。"}},{"code":"GV16","name":"风府","pinyin":"Fēngfǔ","meridianCode":"GV","meridianName":"督脉","meridianShortName":"督脉","color":"#b8302e","view":"back","part":"head","x":200.0,"y":141.0,"bilateral":false,"category":"督脉与阳维脉交会穴","location":"在颈后区，枕外隆凸直下，两侧斜方肌之间凹陷中，后发际正中直上1寸。","method":"正坐低头，后发际正中直上1寸，后脑勺骨头突起（枕外隆凸）正下方的凹陷处即是。","indications":["头痛、项强、眩晕","中风、癫狂、失音","咽喉肿痛","感冒、鼻衄"],"mnemonic":"风府是“风邪的府邸”，后脑枕骨下正中；头痛脖子僵，风府风池一起按，但针刺要格外小心。","note":"深部为延髓，不可向上深刺，不得捣针","sortOrder":128},{"code":"GV20","name":"百会","pinyin":"Bǎihuì","meridianCode":"GV","meridianName":"督脉","meridianShortName":"督脉","color":"#b8302e","view":"front","part":"head","x":200.0,"y":36.0,"bilateral":false,"category":"督脉与足太阳经交会穴","location":"在头部，前发际正中直上5寸，头顶正中线与两耳尖连线的交点处。","method":"将两耳廓向前折，取两耳尖连线与头顶正中线的交点即是，按之有凹陷感。","indications":["头痛、眩晕","中风、失语、癫狂","失眠、健忘","脱肛、阴挺、久泻"],"mnemonic":"百会“百脉之会”，头顶正中，两耳尖连线中点；“三阳五会”，提神醒脑、升阳举陷，头顶的“天线”。","note":"","sortOrder":129,"common":{"rank":6,"usage":"头痛、头晕、提神醒脑、失眠健忘。","scenes":["头痛头晕","失眠情绪","日常保健"],"evidence":"头痛、失眠、中风康复的常用主穴，临床研究较多但质量参差。"}},{"code":"GV24","name":"神庭","pinyin":"Shéntíng","meridianCode":"GV","meridianName":"督脉","meridianShortName":"督脉","color":"#b8302e","view":"front","part":"head","x":200.0,"y":60.0,"bilateral":false,"category":"督脉、足太阳经、足阳明经交会穴","location":"在头部，前发际正中直上0.5寸，眉心（印堂）直上3.5寸。","method":"前额发际正中向上半横指处即是；发际不明显者，从眉心（印堂）直上约3.5寸。","indications":["头痛、眩晕","失眠、癫狂痫","鼻渊、鼻衄","目赤肿痛"],"mnemonic":"神庭是“神明的庭院”，前发际正中上半寸；失眠、焦虑、头晕，神庭配百会安神，梳头从神庭梳到百会。","note":"","sortOrder":130},{"code":"GV26","name":"水沟","pinyin":"Shuǐgōu","meridianCode":"GV","meridianName":"督脉","meridianShortName":"督脉","color":"#b8302e","view":"front","part":"head","x":200.0,"y":122.0,"bilateral":false,"category":"督脉与手足阳明经交会穴","location":"在面部，人中沟的上1/3与中1/3交点处，鼻中隔下方。","method":"鼻子下方的人中沟，从上往下分为三份，上1/3与中1/3交界处即是。","indications":["昏迷、晕厥、中暑","癫狂痫、小儿惊风","口歪、面肿","急性腰扭伤","消渴、黄疸"],"mnemonic":"水沟就是人中，鼻子下面的沟，急救第一穴；晕倒了掐人中，人人都知道；急性腰扭伤按水沟也管用。","note":"","sortOrder":131,"common":{"rank":22,"usage":"昏迷、晕厥、中暑时“掐人中”。","scenes":["急救"],"evidence":"家喻户晓的急救刺激点，可作为等待专业救护时的辅助手段，不能替代急救和送医。"}},{"code":"GV29","name":"印堂","pinyin":"Yìntáng","meridianCode":"GV","meridianName":"督脉","meridianShortName":"督脉","color":"#b8302e","view":"front","part":"head","x":200.0,"y":79.0,"bilateral":false,"category":"","location":"在头部，两眉毛内侧端中间的凹陷中，即眉心，前正中线上。","method":"两眉头（攒竹）连线的中点，即俗称眉心的地方，按之有凹陷即是。","indications":["头痛、眩晕","失眠、健忘","鼻渊、鼻衄","小儿惊风","眉棱骨痛"],"mnemonic":"印堂是“印章盖在额头的地方”，眉心正中；“印堂发黑”说的就是它，头痛失眠鼻塞，向下提捏印堂最舒服。","note":"原为经外奇穴，自GB/T 12346—2006起归入督脉","sortOrder":132,"common":{"rank":9,"usage":"失眠、鼻塞、前额痛，安神定志。","scenes":["失眠情绪","头痛头晕","眼耳口鼻"],"evidence":"失眠、焦虑的常用穴，研究支持有限，但安全、易操作。"}}]}